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Thyroid Disorders – Understanding Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism


The thyroid gland plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, energy, heart rate, and overall hormonal balance. When it functions abnormally, it leads to thyroid disorders such as hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism.It occurs when the thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones.

What Is Hypothyroidism?

The thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones. Symptoms include:

  • Fatigue
  • Weight gain
  • Depression
  • Dry skin
  • Hair fall

What Is Hyperthyroidism?

The gland produces too much hormone. Symptoms include:

  • Weight loss
  • Anxiety
  • Rapid heartbeat
  • Sweating
  • Tremors

Causes of Thyroid Disorders

  • Autoimmune diseases
  • Iodine deficiency
  • Hormonal imbalance
  • Stress
  • Genetic factors

Diagnosis

Doctors use:

  • TSH test
  • T3 and T4 levels
  • Ultrasound (if needed)

Treatment

  • Medicines to regulate hormone production
  • Dietary changes
  • Stress reduction
  • Regular monitoring

Conclusion

Thyroid problems are common but manageable with timely diagnosis and treatment. A proactive approach helps restore balance and energy.

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